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Genki I (3rd Edition) > Lesson 4
Unofficial list for Genki 1 3rd edition, may be adjusted in the future.
Made by 雪・にゃー

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がある
1. A has B
B is an inanimate object or abstract thing (event, idea, etc.) . It cannot be used for people or animals.
彼 女 は 料 理 の 才 能 が 有 る 。 
She has cooking skills.
Discussion & Notes (0)
がある
1. There is/are A
A is an inanimate object or abstract thing (event, idea, etc.) . It cannot be used for people or animals.
テ ー ブ ル に 林 檎 が 有 る 。 
There is an apple on the table.
Discussion & Notes (6)
がいる
1. There is/are A
A is a person or animal. Cannot be used for things.
公 園 に 犬 の 親 子 が 居 る 。 
There's a dog and their pup at the park.
Discussion & Notes (3)
でした
1. A was/were B.
祖 母 は 綺 麗 で し た 。 
Grandmother was pretty.
Discussion & Notes (4)
ではありませんでした
1. A was/were not B/C.
The ありませんでした forms are more polite than the なかったです ones.
ク ラ ス は 静 か じ ゃ な か っ た で す 。 
The class was not quiet.
Discussion & Notes (2)
ました/ませんでした
1. Polite, past form of verb A
その 様 に 説 明 を 受 け て 居 ま し た 。 
That's how it was explained to me.
Discussion & Notes (0)
も
1. Also A; A as well
屹 度 彼 も 同 じ 様 に 思 っ た で し ょ う 。 
Surely he too felt the same way.
Discussion & Notes (1)
くらい／ぐらい
1. A non-exact amount A; Around/about A
When used with question pronouns, means "around how much/many/etc".
３ 分 く ら い で カ ッ プ ラ ー メ ン が できる よ 。 
You can make cup ramen in about three minutes.
Discussion & Notes (0)
と
1. A and B (and C,etc..)
Gives a complete list. The final と may be omitted.
此 の パ ン と 、 此方 の ケ ー キ 、 何方 も 食 べ た い で す 。 
I want to eat both this bread and this cake.
Discussion & Notes (3)
と
1. With A; to A
A is often a person, shows a action/state shared by 2 people/things
私 は 彼 と 映 画 に 行 き ま し た 。 
I went to a movie with him.
Discussion & Notes (0)
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